Colitis, also known as ulcerative colitis, is a chronic disease that causes inflammation and painful sores in the digestive tract. In addition to anti-inflammatory drugs and other medical treatments, dietary measures may help prevent or reduce colitis symptoms, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Since colitis symptoms and people's nutritional needs vary, seek guidance from your doctor or dietitian for best results.
Lean Meats, Poultry and Fish
Protein supports lean tissue strength and muscle repair. Consuming sufficient amounts of high-quality protein is important for many people with colitis, according to the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America, since the disease can cause protein loss. Protein is particularly important for child with colitis, as protein deficiencies can lead to stunted growth and development. Lean meats, skinless poultry and fish provide valuable amounts of protein and nutrients, such as iron, magnesium and B vitamins, without excessive fat content, which can trigger or exacerbate diarrhea symptoms. Meat, poultry and fish also provide dairy-free food options, which are valuable if you are lactose intolerant or find that dairy products trigger symptoms. Cold water fish, such as salmon, tuna, mackerel and sardines contain omega-3 fatty acids, which may help reduce or prevent inflammation. Use low-fat cooking methods, such as baking and grilling in light amounts of olive or canola oil for further benefits.
Fruits and Vegetables
Fruits and vegetables provide an assortment of essential nutrients, as well well as dietary fiber and water. For this reason, unless you are experiencing severe diarrhea, the University of Maryland Medical Center recommends a balanced diet, inclusive of a variety of fruits and vegetables. While most everyone benefits from nutrients obtained from fruits and vegetables, nutrient malabsorption caused by colitis may increase your body's needs. To reap broadest nutritional benefits, the Dietary Guidelines for American suggests a variety of fruits and vegetables from all five subgroups, including orange, dark green, legumes, starchy vegetables and "other" vegetables, several times per week. Though fresh fruits and vegetables tend to provide richest amounts of nutrients, cooked, frozen and canned varieties--preferably not packed in heavy syrup or with added salt--provide valuable secondary options.
Bland, Soft Foods
While experiencing diarrhea, your dietary needs and preferences may change. The University of Maryland Medical Center suggests bland, soft foods as valuable colitis-friendly food options during this time. Examples of bland, soft foods include hot cereal, cooked white rice, ripe or mashed bananas, steamed cauliflower, mashed potatoes, soft white bread, plain cooked pasta and bland soups. To prevent dehydration caused by diarrhea, consume bland soups and beverages, such as low-fat milk or rice milk.
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