Hair can be thick or thin, shiny or dull, oily and sometimes dry. Dry hair can be considered normal for a particular person or the result of exposure to harsh conditions. Styling, coloring and blow-drying takes a toll on hair and can cause damage resulting in dryness. Sun exposure and pollution also harm hair over long periods. On other occasions, dry hair could be a symptom of an underlying disease. A long discussion with your physician is advisable in order to rule out environmental causes for the hair changes or to identify other symptoms that may help pinpoint a diagnosis.
Malnutrition
Nutrition has an effect on the way our body functions. Diseases or conditions that affect the absorption of proteins and nutrients might manifest as hair changes. In anorexia nervosa and bulimia, a person denies the body the nutrients necessary for survival. According to the National Library of Medicine, extreme malnutrition especially where insufficient protein is available can cause a condition known as Kwashiorkor. This is common in underdeveloped countries and in areas where there are frequent famines.
Thyroid
The thyroid gland produces a hormone that controls the way the body processes proteins and energy. A medical condition known as hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid does not produce enough of the hormone. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a disease that causes the thyroid gland to become inflamed due to a reaction in the immune system. Dry hair would be one of many physical changes affecting patients with thyroid conditions. Hypoparathyroidism is a condition related to the parathyroid. A low level of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) affects the way the body processes calcium phosphorus and vitamin D.
Physical Changes
Age and menopause cause changes in the amount of hormones produced in the body. Reduced amounts of estrogen and progesterone in women can manifest as dry hair or even hair loss. Pregnancy also affects hormone levels and can result in dry hair albeit temporarily until hormones stabilize after the pregnancy ends.
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