The gastrointestinal or GI tract includes the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and colon, rectum and the anus. According to the Cleveland Clinic, gastrointestinal disorders are the most common problems that affect the colon and the rectum. Some gastrointestinal disorders require surgery, but people can control, eliminate or relieve symptoms of some GI disorders with dietary adjustments. Diets for people with gastro problems include diets that relieve symptoms of GERD and IBS, and suppress or eliminate constipation and diarrhea.
Gastroesopheal Reflux Disease
Gastroesopheal reflux disease is severe or chronic acid reflux that may develop more severe complications. Acid reflux occurs when stomach acids irritate the esophagus by splashing up from the stomach and into the esophagus. The primary symptom of acid reflux is heartburn. The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse recommends managing GERD by consuming small low-fat meals, and avoiding lying down within three hours after eating. Foods that may contribute to heartburn from GERD include citrus fruits, chocolate, drinks with caffeine or alcohol, fatty and fried foods, garlic and onions, mint flavorings, spicy foods and tomato-based foods.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome is a gastrointestinal problem that affects twenty percent of the adult population. Symptoms of IBS include abdominal pain that is related to changing or alternating bowel movement frequency and stool formation. Other symptoms may include bloating or intestinal gas and constipation followed by diarrhea. Dietary adjustments can relieve symptoms of IBS. The National Digestive Diseases Clearinghouse recommends drinking six to eight glasses of water every day, eating smaller meals throughout the day, increasing fiber intake and consulting a registered dietitian for customized diet planning. Whole grain breads and cereals, fruits and vegetables are good sources of fiber.
Constipation
Constipation is a gastrointestinal problem that occurs when bowel movements are difficult or less frequent than usual. Adjusting the diet can relieve or cure constipation without medication. Diets for constipation include increasing water consumption, warm fluids, fruits and vegetables with high fiber content, and eating fiber-rich bran cereal. The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse recommends drinking enough water and liquids such as fruit and vegetable juices and clear soups.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea is a gastrointestinal problem with symptoms that may include abdominal bloating or cramps, thin or loose stool, watery stool, abrupt bowel movements, nausea and vomiting. Adjusting the diet can soothe symptoms of diarrhea. The National Digestive Diseases Clearinghouse recommends consuming plenty of water to avoid dehydration and consuming broth and soups that contain sodium, fruit juices, soft fruits and vegetables that contain potassium to restore electrolyte levels.
References
- The Cleveland Clinic: Gastrointestinal Disorders
- National Digestive Diseases Clearing House: Irritable Bowel Syndrom
- National Digestive Diseases Clearing House: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
- National Digestive Diseases Clearing House: Constipation
- National Digestive Diseases Clearing House: Diarrhea
