Hyperbilirubinemia is a condition wherein the body is not sufficiently processing worn out red blood cells in the liver and bilirubin builds up in the bloodstream, according to the Mayo Clinic. It presents as a yellowing of the skin and eyes, commonly referred to as jaundice. Hyperbilirubinemia can be caused by a number of different factors ranging from infections to inherited genetic disorders of the liver. Medications are available to provide symptom relief.
Intravenous Immunoglobulin
In cases of severe hyperbilirubinemia, intravenous immunoglobulin may be used to treat the condition, according to Medline Plus. This medication is made from human blood that has been broken down to separate out the antibodies, and it is the most common medical drug used to treat hyperbilirubinemia in infants who do not respond to standard treatments of phototherapy, according to Medline Plus.
Luminal
Luminal, which is generically known as phenobarbital, is one of two medications associated with hyperbilirubinemia according to Drugs.com. The official use of the drug is for insomnia relief and the treatment of anxiety disorders, including certain kinds of seizures, though the off-label purpose is to treat bilirubin buildup.
Luminal doses are administered to the body through injections, which are usually delivered in a clinical setting. Luminal is not recommended for elderly patients or children who are under 12 years of age. Drugs.com notes that Luminal is a barbiturate and that one of its major side effects is drowsiness. It also counteracts any hormonal birth control methods being used.
Solfoton
According to Drugs.com, Solfoton is another member of the barbiturate class of medications for hyperbilirubinemia based on the generic substance phenobarbital. Though it is officially marketed as a solution for seizures, the off-label use is for hyperbilirubinemia, according to Drugs.com. Solfoton is administered orally, and Drugs.com notes that it is recommended to be consumed in either its liquid form or with a large glass of water.
Unlike Luminal, which has a primary side effect of drowsiness, the main side effect to beware of with Solfoton treatments is the potential for a severe allergic reaction. Drugs.com reports that in addition to the potential for allergic response, this hyperbilirubinemia medication does cause drowsiness and will negate the efficacy of birth control pills.
