Studies suggest that gastroesophageal reflux, or GERD, occurs in up to 50 percent of pregnant women. GERD occurs during pregnancy, because the digestive system operates at a slower pace due to the changing hormones. Most pregnant women experience symptoms of GERD, particularly in their third trimester. The management of GERD during pregnancy involves many of the same principles applied during the non-pregnant state, mainly in terms of lifestyle changes.
Raising the Head of the Bed
Elevation of the head of the bed plays an important role in the treatment of GERD during pregnancy. The head of the bed should ideally be raised six to eight inches. This can be done by placing a foam rubber pad on the mattress at the head of the bed or by using blocks to elevate the front of the bed. Raising the bed will help prevent stomach contents from refluxing back up into the esophagus. If it becomes necessary to sleep in a recliner chair, it should be elevated to a 45-degree angle.
Lying on the Left Side
Lying or sleeping on the left side as opposed to the right side may reduce the frequency and duration of reflux episodes with pregnancy at night. Lying on the left side is thought to decrease lower esophageal sphincter pressure.
Diet
Avoiding certain foods such as caffeine, chocolate, peppermint and spicy, acidic, fatty or greasy foods may lead to a decrease in lower esophageal sphincter pressure. Chewing gum after meals may also help avoid acid reflux by stimulating salivary glands to help neutralize acid.
Meals
Eating small, frequent meals helps the stomach empty more rapidly and eating more frequently increases stomach contractions. When the stomach is contracting and emptying, this will help decrease the incidence of reflux. Also chewing foods thoroughly and taking your time when eating will also aid with digestion.
Antacids
Antacids such as Mylanta and Maalox are effective treatment for GERD and are safe to use during pregnancy, as they are not absorbed into the bloodstream. Some antacids contain sodium bicarbonate that can cause metabolic acidosis and should be avoided during pregnancy. Antacids that contain magnesium may interfere with uterine contractions and should be avoided during the last trimester of pregnancy. It is recommended that you speak with your health care provider before taking over-the-counter antacids during pregnancy.
