Gastrointestinal upset may be caused by a short-term illness, such as the flu; chronic conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome; certain surgeries or medical procedures and/or gastro-esophageal reflux disease or GERD. In addition to medications and medical treatments, a modified diet may ease symptoms and provide relief. Diets used for gastrointestinal upset include clear liquid, low-residue and bland diets.
Clear Liquid
A clear liquid diet is designed short-term use and allows the gastrointestinal system to rest. This diet may be prescribed before or after certain surgeries or medical procedures. According to the Mayo Clinic, a clear liquid diet leaves no undigested matter in the gastrointestinal tract but still helps to maintain vital body minerals, fluids and salts.
One reason this diet is short-term is that it does not, in general, provide enough calories, protein and other nutrients for optimal health. Foods allowed on a clear liquid diet include broths, clear juices without pulp, sports drinks, fruit ices, Popsicles, gelatin, tea, water, honey, jelly and clear hard candies.
Low-Residue
According to Northwestern Memorial Hospital, a low-residue diet is essentially a low-fiber diet with a few additional restrictions. This diet is also, most often, for short-term use and may be beneficial for patients with ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, Crohn's disease or bowel inflammation, particularly during flare-ups. Foods recommended include refined cereals, rice and white bread products, canned or cooked fruits and vegetables without seeds or skins, pulp-free juices and tender, ground or well-cooked meats, as well as fish and eggs. Milk and milk products are limited to just two cups per day.
Residue is the fiber and other material found in the large intestine after digestion. A low-residue diet limits dietary fiber to 10 to 15 grams daily. Nuts, seeds, coconut, dried fruits, legumes, beans, bran and prune products are not allowed.
Bland
A bland diet may be appropriate for individuals suffering from ulcers, chronic heartburn, nausea or vomiting, and after intestinal surgery, according to the National Institutes of Health. In general, a bland diet is composed of softer, non-spicy foods. Appropriate foods for this diet include low-fat dairy products; cooked, canned or frozen vegetables; non-acidic fruits and fruit juices; low-fiber breads and cereals; eggs; creamy peanut butter and tofu; as well as lean, tender meats, poultry and fish without added fats.
Fried and fatty foods are restricted, as are alcoholic and caffeinated beverages. Other foods to avoid or choose with caution include raw vegetables, strong cheeses, pickled foods and foods that are highly seasoned. A bland diet may be low in fiber, and if followed long-term, it must be modified to include an adequate amount of dietary fiber.
