The conversion of foods into energy is one of the primary functions of the digestive system. The energy derived from food sources is used for physical and mental tasks, immune system response and other functions. Although the body derives energy from a variety of food components, there are several primary sources of energy in the typical American diet.
Protein
Protein is an amino acid chain that is found in human body cells, including those of the muscle tissues and skin, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. This substance helps the body rebuild cells, and provides the body with energy necessary to accomplish daily tasks. Protein is a major component of foods in the average American diet. Meats such as beef, pork, fish and poultry provide many Americans with protein needed for energy. Other protein sources include beans, dairy products, eggs, grains and vegetables.
Carbohydrates
Energy production is one of the primary uses of carbohydrates--these components of food provide energy for the nervous system and brain, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. The body breaks down carbohydrates into glucose through production of an enzyme called amylase. Fruits, vegetables, dairy products, refined flours and honey contain simple carbohydrates, which are quickly converted into glucose. Whole grains, potatoes and other starchy vegetables, cereals and beans contain complex carbohydrates, which are converted at a slower rate for more consistent energy.
Fats
Fats are common in the average American diet. Although many people in the United States believe that fats are bad, some fats are essential for brain function and the production of energy. According to the Clackamas Community College website, fat provides about twice as much energy as an equal amount of carbohydrates by weight. Fats are found in meats, milk, cheese, eggs, oils and certain fruits such as avocados.
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