Burns are caused by electricity, sunlight, heat, radiation and chemicals. Burns are categorized into three different types: first-, second- and third-degree burns. Damage to the body's skin, connective tissues, muscles, bones and organs can occur, depending on severity. Burns that are first and second degree are treated as minor burns. Third-degree burns are considered a major burn that requires immediate medical attention.
Identification
Step 1
Identify the type of burn that has occurred. Symptoms of first- and second-degree burns include swelling, redness, pain and blisters may develop. The area burned is not larger than 3 inches.
Step 2
Contact emergency medical personnel immediately if the burn is larger than 3 inches. Seek direct medical attention if the burn is on a large amount of skin on the hands, feet, face, groin area or in a joint.
Step 3
Check for vital signs such as pulse and respiration if the burn is major. Begin CPR if there is no pulse.
Minor Burns
Step 1
Cool the skin by submerging the area in cool water. Use running water from the sink or apply cold compresses to the area. Never apply ice to the area.
Step 2
Wrap the skin in loose gauze bandage. Avoid wrapping too tightly.
Step 3
Take an anti-inflammatory medication to reduce swelling and paint. Ibuprofen and aspirin are recommended.
Major Burns
Step 1
Do not remove clothing while waiting for medical personnel; however ensure the clothing is no longer on fire or emitting heat.
Step 2
Elevate burned extremities above the heart.
Step 3
Cover the area of the burn with a moist compress if available. Keep burn slightly moist by using sterile wet paper towels or cloths.
Tips and Warnings
- Use sunscreen on the area for one year. Do not break blisters that form.
Things You'll Need
- Gauze bandages
- Ibuprofen or aspirin
