First-time parents are thrust into a brand new world when they welcome a baby into their family. Learning to care for an infant can be a difficult experience since the little one is unable to vocalize any needs, wants, discomforts or pains. Babies have a few basic needs that must be met for survival and for the baby to thrive.
Step 1
Feed your baby every 2 to 4 hours, or on demand when the baby shows signs of being hungry. A baby who is hungry will cry and may also root around, searching with an open mouth for her mother's breast, or for a bottle. Hungry babies may also suck on their hands. If your baby is breastfed, she will have to eat more frequently than a baby who is fed formula because breast milk is digested more quickly than formula.
Step 2
Burp your baby by putting him against your shoulder and patting him on the back gently until a burp is heard. You can also hold your baby in a sitting position, supporting his head and neck with one hand as he leans slightly forward, and using your other hand to lightly pat him on the back. Burping will eliminate extra air in your baby's belly and help prevent excess gas.
Step 3
Change your baby's diaper whenever it becomes wet or dirty. Diapers should be changed as soon after soiling as possible to prevent skin irritation from occurring, which leads to diaper rash. When changing diapers, use a baby wipe or clean wash cloth to cleanse your baby's skin, and always pat her dry before applying the new diaper to avoid keeping extra moisture on her skin, which can cause rashes.
Step 4
Place your baby to sleep on his back in a crib or bassinet with a firm mattress. Back sleeping has been found to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS. Your baby's sleeping area should also be free of fluffy blankets, bumpers and other fluffy toys to prevent him from getting his face stuck against an object and suffocating.
Step 5
Care for your baby's umbilical cord stump using the recommendations from your particular doctor or hospital. Each hospital has a different policy. You may be requested to clean it daily with an alcohol swab until it falls off, or you may be asked to leave it alone, only cleaning it if it becomes soiled.
Step 6
Dress your baby in comfortable clothing made of cotton or cotton blends for breathability and comfort. Sleepers and gowns are good choices during the early days before the umbilical cord stump falls off, as pants may cause irritation to that area. Keep your baby's head covered, especially if it is cold weather, or if the temperature inside the house is cool. Shoes are not required until she learns to pull up and walk, although socks or footed sleepers will keep her feet warm.
Things You'll Need
- Breast milk or formula
- Bottles
- Diapers
- Wipes
- Infant clothing
