As of 2008, more than 15 million women throughout the world are living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or the advanced form of this infection, called AIDS, according to Avert, an international AIDS charity. The early signs and symptoms of HIV in women typically mimic those experienced by men. Women who develop HIV symptoms or believe they have been exposed to this virus should seek immediate medical care to ensure receipt of an accurate diagnosis.
Vaginal or Reproductive Organ Infections
Women with HIV are at risk of developing recurrent vaginal or reproductive organ infections, the Illinois Department of Public Health reports. Vaginal infections can include yeast infections or bacterial vaginosis. This virus may also cause women to be more susceptible to contracting sexually transmitted diseases, such as trichomoniasis, gonorrhea or chlamydia. Infections that affect a woman's vagina or reproductive organs may cause menstrual cycle changes, such as spotting between periods, or unusually heavy or painful menstruation. Women with vaginal or reproductive organ infections should be evaluated by a doctor, as antifungal or antibiotic medication is typically necessary to resolve uncomfortable or unpleasant infection symptoms.
Swollen Lymph Glands
One of the earliest signs of HIV infection in women is the appearance of swollen lymph glands, WomensHealth.gov reports. These glands are located in the neck, groin or underneath the armpits, and protrude from the skin when swollen. Enlarged lymph glands are typically painless, though women can experience persistent swelling for longer than three months.
Fever or Headache
Fever and headache pain are early signs and symptoms of HIV in women, MayoClinic.com explains. Women can develop persistent, low-grade fever symptoms, which may occur in conjunction with chills, sweating or flushed skin. Headache pain is generally mild to moderate in severity, but can disrupt a woman's productivity at work or school. Persistent fever symptoms can be signs of other types of infection, and affected women should contact a doctor for further evaluation and care.
Sore Throat
This viral infection can cause sore throat symptoms in affected women. Throat irritation can make it uncomfortable or difficult for a woman to swallow, which can lead to appetite changes or weight loss.
Skin Rash
A skin rash is an early sign of HIV in infected women. A woman can notice the appearance of red, irritated or dry patches of skin across her body. These skin lesions can begin to flake or itch or may have difficulty healing, IDPH reports. Skin rash symptoms may progressively subside without medical intervention, but can reemerge during later stages of HIV infection.
