The neurotransmitter serotonin governs several functions within the human body. According to Mayo Clinic, conventional treatments for depression work by altering levels of serotonin and similar compounds within the human body. Although scientists do not fully understand the effects of medicinal herbs on neurotransmitter levels, several botanical medicines may help to improve the balance of serotonin. Consult a qualified health care provider who is familiar with medicinal herbs before taking any dietary supplement.
St. John's Wort
The world's most popular antidepressant herb, St. John's wort may help to stabilize levels of serotonin in the body. According to the National Institutes of Health, extensive research supports the use of St. John's wort as a naturopathic treatment for mild to moderate depression. Although its exact mechanism of action is poorly understood, the herb may work in a manner similar to serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs, such as Paxil, Zoloft and Prozac. The NIH reports that the herb generally causes fewer side effects than its pharmaceutical alternatives, but more studies are needed to compare its safety and efficacy to these conventional treatment options.
Kanna
Indigenous cultures originating in South Africa have traditionally used kanna to elevate mood and eliminate depression. A report published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology identified mesembrine, a weakly narcotic compound, as the primary active constituent of this potent medicinal herb. Although no well-designed studies have demonstrated kanna's effect on human neurotransmitter levels, the herb may work by stabilizing levels or serotonin, dopamine or the compound phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE-4). More tests are needed before scientists can accurately recommend kanna as a treatment for any condition.
Ginseng
Ginseng has been used for centuries as an adaptogen, according to the National Institutes of Health. Herbs and compounds in this class enable the body to adapt readily to physical, emotional and mental stress with fewer fluctuations in overall health and wellbeing. The NIH reports that ginseng may have neuroprotective effects and benefits for people with neurological disturbances. In theory, adaptogens such as ginseng may help to stabilize serotonin levels during emotionally or physically challenging times. However, no well-designed studies have evaluated its use as a treatment for depression or other mood disorders.
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