According to the American Diabetes Association, the most common type of diabetes is Type 2--in which the body's cells do not recognize insulin or the body doesn't produce enough insulin. Food provides sugar and starch, building blocks necessary for cell development. Nutrients in food are broken down into glucose, which is then carried to the cells by the insulin. In diabetics, the glucose builds up in the body and can result in eye, kidney, heart and nerve damage. People with Type 2 diabetes can live long and productive lives with proper lifestyle accommodations and the right diet.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates present in food make glucose levels rise. It's vital that diabetics control the amount of carbohydrates ingested each day. Starch, sugar and fiber make up the components of carbohydrates that are necessary in the diet. Common foods that contain carbs include beans, fruit, grains and starchy vegetables. Dairy products such as milk and yogurt contain carbs. Most snacks, both sweet and salty, are high in carbohydrates. One way to find the right balance of carbs is to fill one-quarter of a dinner plate with starchy foods such as pasta, whole grains, potatoes and beans. Other people find that carb counting works better. The ideal amount of carbs in a daily menu should average between 45g and 60g.
Fat
Because people with diabetes are at a high risk for developing heart disease, they should limit the amount of saturated fats in their diets, reports the American Diabetes Association. Less than seven percent of the daily calories should come from saturated fats that are present in foods such as bacon, butter, chocolate and full-fat dairy products. Healthy fats that are monosaturated, polyunsaturated and high in omega-3 fatty acids should be included in a daily diet. Good fats come from sources such as peanut butter, olive oil and corn oil, almonds, walnuts and sesame seeds. Tuna, salmon and soy are good sources of omega-3 fatty acids.
Sugar
Many people believe that once they are diagnosed with diabetes, they can never enjoy their favorite desserts. The American Diabetes Association reports that diabetics can enjoy sweets and desserts as long as they are part of the daily meal planning. In addition, sugar does not cause diabetes. The disease is more often due to obesity, which is a result of too many of all foods--including, but not limited to, sugar. Because sugar contains high amounts of carbohydrates, the switch must be planned and coordinated. A small serving of a dessert may replace a large amount of the daily carbohydrate count, so the rest of the day's eating should consist of high-density vegetables and protein to limit the rest of the carbohydrates for the day. Diabetics should aim for an even trade in the counting of carbohydrates to include sugary snacks and desserts.
