A sinus infection, or sinusitis, makes it difficult to breathe through your nose. The sinuses are air-filled cavities in the skull surrounding the nose, cheeks and eyes. Normally, the nasal passages are open, allowing air to circulate and mucus to drain. However, the sinuses can become inflamed and blocked due to a bacterial or viral infection, trapping the mucus inside. A sinus infection may cause headache and a throbbing facial pain, according to MayoClinic.com. A bacterial sinus infection is treated with certain antibiotics.
Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin, a penicillin, is one of the primary antibiotics prescribed for a bacterial sinus infection. Amoxicillin is considered the first-line treatment of choice. Amoxicillin is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic, meaning it is most effective against a few types of bacteria. According to Articlesbase, amoxicillin works by slowing the metabolic functions of the bacteria. Amoxicillin is available as a pill, a chewable tablet or an oral suspension. Amoxicillin may also be taken in combination with clavulanate to combat resistant bacterial strains. Side effects include upset stomach, diarrhea and vomiting. Amoxicillin should not be taken by those who are allergic to penicillin.
Doxycycline
Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat sinus infections. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are effective against a wide range of bacteria, but there is a higher risk of resistance occurring. Doxycycline is a tetracycline, so it is safe for those who are allergic to penicillin. According to Drugs.com, doxycycline inhibits the bacterial growth. Doxycycline is supplied as a capsule, and its side effects include sensitivity to sunlight, stomach cramps and bloody diarrhea. Calcium products should be avoided as they decrease its efficiency. Doxycycline should be taken with a full glass of water and should not be taken by those allergic to tetracyclines.
Ceftin
Ceftin, also known as cefuroxime, is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic that can be used to treat a sinus infection. Cephalosporins are related to penicillin, so their use must be monitored carefully by a doctor when they are taken by those with penicillin allergies. Ceftin also works by inhibiting bacterial growth. According to PubMed, Ceftin is available as a tablet and a suspension. The side effects include stomach pain, vomiting and diarrhea. Ceftin should be taken with food and a full glass of water. Ceftin should not be taken by those with a cephalosporin allergy and should be taken under supervision by those with penicillin allergies.
Zithromax
Zithromax, also known as azithromycin, is in the macrolide class of antiobiotics and can be used to treat a sinus infection. It works by preventing the bacteria from producing new proteins. According to PubMed, Zithromax has the benefits of a shorter treatment time and improved tolerance, and it can be taken by those with penicillin allergies. It comes in a tablet and an oral suspension, and should be taken at the same time every day. Its side effects include upset stomach, mild skin rash and diarrhea. Any sign of a severe allergic reaction, such as shortness of breath or swelling of the mouth, lips and tongue, requires immediate medical attention.
