Working with hand tools can be dangerous if the tools are used improperly or appropriate safety equipment is not used, according to the U.S. Occupational Health and Safety Administration. Learning proper hand tool safety is an important skill for kids. Practicing hand tool safety can help kids avoid injury and develop respect for their tools while they create.
Statistics
Improperly used hand tools account for seven to eight percent of all construction-related injuries, according to James Madison University. The most common hand tool injuries include eye injuries caused by not wearing proper eye protection; puncture wounds or cuts from using dull cutting instruments; and broken bones and contusions from using a tool that is too large or ill-fitted, causing it to slip. Because some of these injuries can be severe, adults who use hand tools are often concerned about allowing children to use them. However, teaching kids to use hand tools the correct way can prevent many injuries.
Preparation
Depending on the age of the kids who will be using hand tools and the type of equipment in the shop, you may want to prepare the shop before letting kids work in it, according to PBS's "This Old House." Preparation ideas include unplugging all power tools, including drill presses and table saws, so that children do not accidentally turn them on and get hurt. Also, cover the exposed teeth of saws. Require kids who work in your shop to put on eye protection before entering, and always wear your eye protection while supervising.
Types
Using the right tool for each job is crucial to reducing injury risk and producing the best possible work, according to James Madison University. Teach children how to choose the proper tool for each job. Include advice on choosing the right size of tool. For example, a wrench that is too large may slip, causing a bruised or smashed knuckle. Never allow children to use tools in ways the tools aren't designed for, such as using a screwdriver as a pry bar or chisel. If a tool requires special safety equipment, ensure that kids understand that the safety equipment is part of the "right" way to use the tool.
Cleanup
Teach children that putting tools away properly is part of the job when working in a shop, as recommended by PBS's This Old House. If tools require cleaning or other care, ensure children learn the correct way to perform tool maintenance. If using solvents to clean tools, make sure kids have protective gloves, smocks or respirators as needed. Also, teach kids the proper way to carry tools--with the blade pointed downward and away from people. Place a cover on the blade if one is available. Like scissors, hand tools should be carried only while walking, never while running.
Considerations
For small children, tools that are scaled to their size may be a wise investment, according to "This Old House." For instance, kids may find it easier to wield a fine saw with more than 12 teeth per inch. A 10 oz. hammer may also be easier for a child to swing, while still providing the momentum necessary to hammer in a nail properly. Also, a lower work surface can help a child easily see what he is doing. Finally, consider using water-based adhesives, paints and stains, which are often easier to clean and emit fewer dangerous fumes than oil-based products.
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