Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a medical problem that affects the large intestine. What causes it is not well understood, although it does affect more women than men. Although irritable bowel syndrome does not actually harm the intestines, its symptoms are similar to those of other diseases.
Primary Symptoms
The key feature of irritable bowel syndrome is clustering of a few symptoms. The key symptom of irritable bowel syndrome is abdominal pain or discomfort. This pain is commonly described as being "crampy" or a dull ache. In irritable bowel syndrome, this pain is then followed by changes in bowel habits. These changes can be constipation, diarrhea, or the two alternating back and forth. Other symptoms include flatulence and the appearance of mucus in the feces.
Diagnosis
There is no definitive test for diagnosing irritable bowel disease. Consequently, many physicians diagnose irritable bowel syndrome based on the symptoms and a careful medical history. In the absence of other discernible causes, physicians will suspect irritable bowel syndrome for patients with abdominal pain and changes in their bowel movements. Your doctor may do other tests (such as a colonoscopy) to rule out other conditions.
Other Gastrointestinal Symptoms
In addition to its core symptoms, irritable bowel disease can cause other problems in the gastrointestinal system. Some of these symptoms, including heartburn and nausea, originate in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract. Patients may also feel full easily, have abdominal swelling, and feelings of "urgency" when they are going to have a bowel movement.
Other Symptoms
Severe irritable bowel disease can also cause headaches and lower back pain. In addition, people with irritable bowel disease are more likely to have other conditions, such as fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. Consequently, some patients with irritable bowel disease may feel extreme fatigue and muscle pains. Other symptoms include problems with sleeping and sexual dysfunction.
When To See A Doctor
The Mayo Clinic estimates that 20 percent of all people have irritable bowel syndrome, but less than half of those go to see a doctor. On the other hand, the symptoms of irritable bowel disease are similar to those of more serious conditions, such as colon cancer. In addition, chronic pain and diarrhea can cause other health problems, including damage to the colon and an increased risk of cancer. Thus, anyone with persistent abdominal pain and constipation/diarrhea should consult a physician.
