Labetalol, sold under the brand name product Trandate, is a prescription medication used for the treatment of severe high blood pressure. It may also be given intravenously for hypertensive crisis, which is a dangerous increase in blood pressure. Labetalol is a beta blocker with alpha-blocking activity. By blocking both beta and alpha receptors in the body, it is able to relax the arteries and lower blood pressure effectively. The medication may cause side effects in patients.
Dizziness
A common side effect of labetalol is dizziness. Up to 16 percent of individuals using this medication may experience this adverse effect, reports the "Drug Information Handbook." Patients should use caution when operating vehicles or heavy machinery. In elderly patients, the concern is falling down stairs or standing from a lying or sitting position; therefore, these patients should use extreme caution. Dizziness should diminish over time.
Indigestion and Nausea
Labetalol may cause indigestion and nausea, states PubMed Health. About 19 percent of patients taking this medication may experience nausea, and 4 percent may experience indigestion. Chewing gum may help with this side effect. This medication works best if taken on an empty stomach, but if upset stomach and nausea are bothersome, the patient should speak with his physician.
Local Site Reactions
Labetalol may produce local site reactions when administered intravenously. According to Drugs.com, these adverse reactions include pain, redness or swelling at the site of the injection. Patients may also develop a rash, characterized by hives or red bumps on the skin. If a patient develops a rash, she should contact a health care professional.
Low Blood Pressure
Patients may experience a drop in the blood pressure while on labetalol therapy. Low blood pressure may occur in about 5 percent of individuals using this medication. In those using the intravenous form of the drug, low blood pressure may occur in up to 58 percent of users, explains the "Drug Information Handbook." Patients may not develop any symptoms, but some may experience lightheadedness. Patients should be cautious while performing activities that require concentration. If a patient experiences extreme dizziness or faintness, he should seek medical attention.
Fatigue and Drowsiness
Fatigue is a common side effect that may occur with labetalol, and may be seen in about 10 percent of users. Drowsiness is another side effect that may be present in individuals on this medication. Patients should be careful when engaging in activities that require alertness.
Sexual Side Effects
Men on labetalol may experience side effects that affect sexual performance. Failure to ejaculate may occur in up to 5 percent of individuals. Impotence, or inability to develop or maintain an erection, may be seen in 1 to 4 percent of men. Patients should discuss any concerns regarding these adverse reactions with their doctors.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook"; Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, et al.; 2009
- PubMed Health: Labetalol
- Drugs.com: Labetalol Side Effects
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