Even the most minor burn can become infected, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Proper care initially can prevent pain and prolonged healing. Between 50,000 and 70,000 people suffer from burns each year, according to UMMC, and between 30 and 40 percent of that number are children under the age of 15.
Relieve Pain
Run cool water over the burned area for 5 to 10 minutes. If the area is in a location that makes it difficult to run cool water over the area constantly, use a cool compress that you refresh frequently. Ibuprofen or acetaminophen relive pain and swelling. The UMMC recommends applying bacitracin ointment to any blisters that have burst. Cover the burn with a sterile gauze pad to keep the area clean and prevent air from touching it, which can cause additional pain.
Determine the Severity of the Burn
First degree burns damage the top layer of skin, and leave the area red and painful. Second degree burns extend into the second layer of skin, and in addition to redness and pain the area may develop blisters. Third degree burns extend under the skin and into muscles, tendons or bones. The area is pale, leathery or charred, but not painful, due to damage to underlying nerves.
Decide if Professional Care is Necessary
All third degree burns require medical attention. First and second degree burns that are larger than 3 inches in diameter or on the face, genitals, hands or large joints such as the knee need medical attention.
Watch for Signs of Infection
Burned skin is red, which makes it difficult to notice early signs of infection. Look for any change in color to the burned area or surrounding skin. Swelling or purple areas, green discharge from the area or fever are all signs of infection and require prompt medical attention.
Allow Time To Heal
According to FamilyDoctor.org, first degree burns heal within a week. Second degree burns require two to three weeks to heal. Third degree burns take weeks or months to heal, depending on how large and deep the burn is.
