Seasonal allergies that defy easy identification may be allergies to leaf mold. While mold allergy symptoms peak in mid to late summer, according to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, the mold spores that generate them can grow in most seasons. Therefore, patients may think they have perennial or multiple seasonal allergies and fall short of appropriate treatment. Simultaneous indoor mold infestation can further confuse diagnosis, so patients may need medical guidance to eliminate misperceptions.
Identification
Timing still plays an important part in identifying plant and tree leaves as the source of mold allergies. Patients experience allergic reactions to the reproductive spores of fungi that inhabit the surfaces of decaying leaves, not to the leaves themselves, as the AAFA points out. Leaf mold illnesses can occur up until autumn or winter frosts, but not in freezing temperatures, when molds cease reproduction and become dormant. To aid in allergy diagnosis, patients should note if symptoms occur during or after raking or otherwise disturbing downed leaves.
Types
Among the many types of leaf mold, only a few pose significant health problems for people with mold allergies, the Mayo Clinic website reports. In addition to leaf substrates, molds such as alternaria, aspergillus and penicillum grow in decaying grasses, logs and compost piles. While the particular strain that causes allergy symptoms need not be identified, locating the area of contact will help patients to avoid allergic reactions.
Effects
When patients inhale the microscopic mold spores, increased blood histamine levels generate hay fever--type symptoms. The eyes, nose and throat may begin to itch, according to MayoClinic.com, and fluids will accumulate there. Runny noses can become congested, and the body may attempt to eject allergens and open the airways by coughing and sneezing. Untreated allergy symptoms will come and go as long as patients have contact with moldy environments.
Solution
Fortunately, the uncomfortable health effects of mold allergies can be prevented as well as alleviated by taking medications. MayoClinic.com suggests over-the-counter antihistamines and decongestants to relieve mild itching and nasal symptoms. For prolonged leaf mold seasons or more severe reactions, daily nasal steroids or prescription antihistamines may represent superior treatments.
Warning
Patients should get medical help for recurrent allergy symptoms, especially if they have underlying immune system or respiratory disorders. The Mayo Clinic website relates that mold allergies can trigger asthma attacks or symptoms of atopic dermatitis skin conditions. The AAFA notes that opportunistic fungal growths can cause serious lung infections that may require surgery to resolve.
