Phenobarbital belongs to a group of drugs known as barbiturates. They are primarily used to treat seizure disorders by slowing down activity in the brain and central nervous system. Phenobarbital is also used also to treat insomnia or as a sedative immediately before surgery. This prescription drug has addictive properties, therefore, caution should be used when prescribing to patients with alcohol abuse or chemical dependency histories. Phenobarbital has the potential to produce common side effects.
Headaches and Dizziness
According to DailyMed, headaches and drowsiness are both effects of phenobarbital. These adverse reactions are considered to be mild and should dissipate as the body adjusts to taking the drug. Episodes of dizziness or feeling lightheaded may also occur, causing unsteadiness upon standing and while walking. Lying down periodically may help to alleviate these side effects. The prescribing physician should be contacted, however, if the headaches increase in severity or persist.
Agitated Mood and Confusion
Other frequently reported effects of this drug involve mood. Specifically, according to RxList.com, individuals may experience significant changes in mood or emotions, including feelings of irritability or agitation, depression and anxiety, or a heightened sense of nervousness and excitability. Also, certain patients may develop memory problems and confusion with a reduced ability to focus. Again, such effects are temporary and usually subside after the body gets used to the medication. Prolonged problems with memory or confusion, however, may be an indicator of other conditions. A doctor needs to be notified about the persistence of these symptoms. The physician also needs to be made aware if mood fluctuations or intensity continue without any signs of subsiding.
Bradycardia and Hypotension
Cardiovascular changes, according to Drugs.com, are frequently reported side effects are associated with phenobarbital. For example, a slower heart rate, known as bradycardia, may be experienced by some patients when starting this drug therapy. Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is another common reaction that an individual may experience; additionally, drops in blood pressure can be associated with headache and feeling lightheaded or dizzy. The doctor will need to adjust the dosage of this medication to alleviate these side effects.
Gastrointestinal Disturbance
RxList.com states that nausea, vomiting or constipation may occur with the use of phenobarbital. A physician should be contacted if these effects persist.
