Tension headaches affect up to 78 percent of the population, and are the most difficult type of headache to treat, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Although tension headaches are not usually a sign of a serious illness, they can be painful. People often turn to over-the-counter medications to relieve this pain.
Types
Various kinds of medication may relieve tension headaches. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, are typically the first line of treatment for reducing headache pain, according to MayoClinic.com. Acetaminophen and aspirin products may also be helpful, but generally are not as effective as NSAIDs. Combination products are also available. These products typically combine a pain-relieving ingredient with another medication, such as combining acetaminophen and caffeine.
Use
Each over-the-counter medication has its own specific instructions for use, and it is important for consumers to follow the specific dosage instructions listed on the label. Although these medications often prove beneficial for short-term use, they should not be taken for long-term treatment. Using over-the-counter medications on a regular basis may decrease effectiveness, pose health risks and actually cause overuse headaches, according to MayoClinic.com. People should always talk to a doctor or pharmacist if they have any questions about how to properly take the medication or have concerns about possible drug interactions.
Considerations
Even when they are taking over-the-counter medications for tension headaches, people may benefit from simple lifestyle modifications. Taking a hot shower and putting an ice pack on the head can be done in conjunction with taking the medication to help to reduce pain. Avoiding stress, getting enough rest and getting regular exercise may prevent future tension headaches from occurring, which may eliminate the need for future use of medication for this condition.
Misconceptions
Over-the-counter pain relievers may not always be strong enough to eliminate the pain of a tension headache. Individuals should contact their doctor if their over-the-counter medication is ineffective to explore other treatment options.
Risks
Although these over-the-counter medications are generally safe when taken as directed, not following the recommended usage instructions can cause serious health complications, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Taking too much acetaminophen or taking acetaminophen for longer than recommended may cause liver damage. Ibuprofen, aspirin and naproxen also can cause stomach bleeding or upset when someone uses too much or takes the medication for too long. Ibuprofen and naproxen may also raise the risk of heart problems.
Warning
Those who experience tension headaches that become progressively worse over time, as well as those who experience new symptoms, may have another medical condition causing these symptoms. These individuals should always call a doctor for advice, suggests the American Academy of Family Physicians.
