Some conditions cause swelling of the eyelids and the tissue around the eye. Depending on the condition, other symptoms may include pain, irritation, itching or general discomfort. If a person with such symptoms does not notice improvement within a short time, she should contact an eye doctor for an evaluation of her symptoms. Knowing some of the causes of the swelling and pain may help in identifying the condition and any necessary treatment.
Allergies
Eye allergies commonly cause swelling of the eyelids, particularly during the spring and fall, when pollens tend to cause the most irritation to allergy sufferers. Additional symptoms may include redness, watering, itching and irritation, The University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center says. For surface irritation and pain, over-the-counter artificial tears will often ease discomfort. Swelling often improves with cool compresses held against closed eyelids. However, some people require oral allergy medications or allergy eye drops to relieve symptoms completely.
Conjunctivitis
Bacterial and viral eye infections, such as those caused by conjunctivitis, commonly known as "pink eye," cause puffy, swollen eyelids and eye pain. The whites of the eyes will appear red and the person will often have a thick discharge. Bacterial conjunctivitis will usually respond to an antibiotic eye drop. Conjunctivitis caused by a virus, such as the common cold virus, will usually resolve on its own without medication, says the National Institutes of Health's MedlinePlus. However, severe symptoms may require steroid eye drops to help reduce inflammation. As the infection clears, swelling and pain should ease as well.
Orbital Cellulitis
Inflammation of the tissue and muscles around the eye, called orbital cellulitis, will typically cause severe swelling of the eyelids. The inflammation and swelling results from an infection in the tissues, and this may result in serious complications if not treated promptly. In addition to swollen lids and pain, the eyelids may appear red or purple. The person may also have a high fever, vision changes, bulging eyes and difficulty moving her eyes, the University of Maryland Medical Center says. To treat the condition, doctors will give antibiotics through an IV, which typically requires a stay in the hospital to monitor the medication as well as to watch for signs that the infection is worsening.
