Fosamax, also known by its generic name, alendronate, is indicated for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis caused by menopause or steroid treatment. It belongs to the class of drugs known as bisphosphonates and works by slowing bone loss and increasing bone mass. Although Fosamax is safe for the majority of people, MayoClinic.com notes that it may be associated with a rare jaw disorder called osteonecrosis. Although osteonecrosis is a serious condition, patients should weigh the risks versus benefits of Fosamax, notes MayoClinic.com. There are, however, alternatives to Fosamax.
Hormone Replacement Therapy
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is used by women to prevent or reduce menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, mood swings and vaginal dryness. HRT may comprise a combination of progesterone and estrogen; however, estrogen is often used alone. HRT may also prevent osteoporosis and bone fracture by maintaining bone density. HRT, however, carries some risks. According to MedlinePlus, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, HRT can increase the risk of breast cancer, heart disease and stroke. MedlinePlus states that HRT should be used at the lowest effective dose and only for as long as needed.
Calcitonin Salmon Injection
Calcitonin salmon injection is indicated for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal woman. Calcitonin is a human polypeptide hormone; however, it is also found in salmon and works by increasing bone density and preventing bone from breaking down. Calcitonin is either injected under the skin or into a muscle. It is also available as a nasal spray. The recommended dose may vary from person to person; a doctor should advise on the correct dose and treatment schedule. Side effects may include nausea, a skin rash and eye pain.
Raloxifene
Raloxifene, also known by its trade name, Evista, is an estrogen agonist and is indicated for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Raloxifene may also be prescribed to lower the risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, notes RxList.com. Raloxifene is taken orally and works by increasing bone mineral density. It is not a suitable drug for all women. According to RxList.com, raloxifene is associated with an increased risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Women with a history of cardiovascular disease or venous thromboembolism must not use raloxifene.
