High blood pressure, also known as hypertension or the "silent killer," is a serious cardiovascular condition that many individuals may not realize they have because hypertension has no predominant symptoms. Specifically, the American Heart Association estimates that approximately one in three Americans (73 million) have hypertension; and, of this population, an estimated one-third are unaware of their condition. Hypertension is a risk factor for major circulatory diseases, such as heart disease. In adults, a blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg or lower is viewed as normal; blood pressure that registers persistently as 140/90 mm Hg or higher is considered hypertensive and requires medical attention.
General Symptoms
Hypertension generally does not have any symptoms, and individuals may have high blood pressure for years until it is somehow identified.
Early-Stage Symptoms
According to the Mayo Clinic, if some signs appear early on in this disorder they may include vertigo, headaches and nosebleeds. Other possible symptoms that may present are shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, irregular heartbeat, pounding in the chest or ears, confusion or hematuria (blood in urine). If any of these signs appear, medical care is crucial, because untreated hypertension leads to major health risks and organ damage (see Resources).
Malignant Symptoms
According to MedicineNet.com, approximately one out of 100 people experience dangerously high or accelerated high blood pressure, known as malignant hypertension. Malignant hypertension is an acute condition that can lead to a medical crisis, such as a heart attack or stroke. In this situation, reported signs or symptoms that may appear include nausea with dizziness and blurred vision, as well as a major headache. Additionally, some patients may experience renal failure, at which time, coincidentally, malignant hypertension is discovered.
