Hyperpigmentation is a typically benign condition characterized by brown spots on the skin. It occurs when cells overproduce melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color, explains the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology. Common forms of the condition include freckles, age spots and marks caused by acne and other skin injuries. Furthermore, hormonal changes such as those triggered by pregnancy and birth control can cause large areas of discoloration known as melasma.
The book "Natural Prescriptions for Women" recommends a daily three-part regimen for fading brown spots. Described as "protect, fade and exfoliate," this treatment plan involves using a sunscreen to protect skin from further darkening, a bleaching agent to lighten dark spots and a chemical exfoliant to slough off dead cells and encourage cell renewal.
Fade
Step 1
Wash the area to be treated and dry thoroughly.
Step 2
Apply a thin layer of 2 percent hydroquinone fade cream to the affected area. Hydroquinone is a common treatment for hyperpigmentation. Used topically, it slows melanin production to gradually lighten areas of discolored skin, according to Drugs.com.
Step 3
Rub in the fade cream, then clean hands thoroughly. If hydroquinone gets on non-hyperpigmented areas, wash it off quickly to avoid bleaching normal-colored skin.
Exfoliate
Step 1
Select a lotion containing glycolic acid. Glycolic acid is a mild chemical exfoliant that helps slough off the surface layer of skin for a more even complexion. According to Discovery Health, most over-the-counter glycolic acid products have concentrations between 5 and 10 percent. Start with a lower concentration to test your skin's sensitivity, then work your way up accordingly.
Step 2
Cleanse the area to be treated. Dry completely.
Step 3
Apply the glycolic acid lotion as directed. Glycolic acid can cause dry skin. If this occurs, follow the treatment with a light moisturizer.
Tips and Warnings
- "Natural Prescriptions for Women" recommends using the fade cream in the morning and the glycolic acid lotion at night. Use a sunscreen or SPF moisturizer throughout the day. Check for allergic reactions to hydroquinone and glycolic acid before using. Apply a small amount of product to a patch of unbroken skin and wait for 24 hours. Do not use the product if the test area develops blisters, excessive redness or irritation. As with any treatment, read the product information carefully to ensure proper dosing and use.
- Hydroquinone and glycolic acid can cause skin sensitivity. Drugs.com recommends protecting treated skin with a sunscreen or moisturizer with a minimum SPF of 15. Side effects of hydroquinone and glycolic acid use include mild, temporary redness and irritation. Contact a medical professional immediately if these effects become severe. Do not use hydroquinone cream if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Things You'll Need
- Cleanser
- Hydroquinone cream
- Glycolic acid lotion
- Moisturizer (optional)
- SPF 15 sunscreen
References
- American Osteopathic College of Dermatology: Hyperpigmentation
- "Natural Prescriptions for Women"; Susan Berg; 1998
- Drugs: Hydroquinone
- Discovery Health: Glycolic Acid
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