Marijuana is a drug that comes from the cannabis plant and contains high levels of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that creates a euphoric high. While marijuana is not physically addicting, the brain becomes accustomed to the dopamine release provided by the drug, resulting in cravings for more of the substance when the high wears off. Marijuana addiction recovery is best achieved through outpatient talk therapy and abstinence, according to the counselors at the Recovery Connection.
Withdrawal
Marijuana withdrawal symptoms typically are more mental than physical. The addict experiences intense cravings for three to five days and may feel anxious and nervous. Irritability, difficulty sleeping and angry outbursts often accompany the first stages of marijuana withdrawal. While there is no pharmacological substitute for marijuana, mood-stabilizing medications are sometimes prescribed to ease the transition.
Long-term Effects
While under the influence, marijuana users typically experience impaired judgment and cognitive abilities, short-term memory loss, and impaired coordination and reaction time. Over time, the side effects become cumulative and must be addressed during the recovery process, often by a medical professional. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are common long-term side effects of marijuana use that leave addicts with a persistent cough and a risk of developing cancer, even after discontinuing use. Memory and learning abilities also may be affected, leaving some recovering addicts with a need for remedial education.
Treatment
Marijuana addicts may choose to attend outpatient treatment programs that provide daily group sessions and teach patients new coping skills. In-patient treatment centers, such as The Pavilion, give the addict a longer period of isolation to overcome the initial strong cravings for the drug while developing new coping skills and being introduced to long-term recovery tools. In-patient treatment facilities often provide relaxation programs that include massage and meditation, as well as fitness programs to help addicts recover physically. The Mayo Clinic reports that treatment centers are best utilized for the educational and therapeutic programs offered to prepare the addict for long-term recovery and relapse prevention.
Counseling
While treatment is not necessarily required for marijuana addiction recovery, ongoing counseling with a psychologist or drug counselor can help the addict to identify the reasons that he turned to the drugs in the first place and develop coping skills to prevent relapse. Doctors at the Mayo Clinic report that behavioral therapy can help addicts develop ways to deal with cravings, feelings that lead to relapse and strategies to avoid repeated drug use. Family members are encouraged to attend counseling to learn how to communicate better with the addict, understand the addiction and provide a supportive atmosphere in the home.
Groups
Recovery oriented 12-step groups such as Narcotics Anonymous or Marijuana Anonymous provide regular meetings for addicts to attend where they can receive continued support in their recovery. Addicts new to the programs are encouraged to get a sponsor, someone with similar experiences who has benefited from long-term recovery and can serve as a mentor and advisor. Regular meeting attendance provides addicts with a network of other recovering addicts in which they can form new friendships and build clean social connections.
