Low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone in your child might be a sign of hyperthroidism. Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not function properly and produces a higher-than-normal level of thyroid hormone. Although hyperthyroidism is rare in children, it can be life-threatening and your knowledge about the condition can help detect early signs and symptoms.
Pathophysiology
Thyroid gland, which is located in the front of the neck, secrets thyroid hormone that is responsible for increasing metabolism. With a dysfunctional thyroid gland that secrets an abnormally high level of thyroid hormone, the pituitary gland in the brain counter-regulates by slowing down the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone. Therefore, low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone in the blood may indicate a high level of thyroid hormone, or hyperthyroidism.
Symptoms
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include poor weight gain, increased heartbeat rate, high blood-pressure, nervousness, irritability, bulging eyes, diarrhea, vomiting and difficulty breathing. Prolonged untreated hyperthyroidism can lead to serious health problems, including mental retardation, hyperactivity and slowed growth.
Diagnosis
The routine diagnosis of hyperthyroidism is a blood test to detect the level of thyroid hormone in the blood. Hyperthyroidism is diagnosed when there is an abnormally high level of thyroid hormone or a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone.
Treatment
Treatment for hyperthyroidism depends upon your child's age, overall health and medical history, the extent of the disease, and her tolerance for specific medications and procedures. Treatment may include medication that blocks the production of thyroid hormone, or anti-hormonal drugs, or surgery to remove part of or the entire thyroid gland.
Warning
Most babies do not show significant problems if the disease is mild to moderate; therefore, it is important for you to watch for signs and symptoms.
Also, the level of thyroid hormone should be monitored periodically throughout your child's lifetime, even after the treatment is complete.
