Human growth hormone (HGH) injections are given to people who suffer from a variety of conditions. Adults and children, whose pituitary gland is not producing effective amounts of HGH, may receive injections. People diagnosed with HIV or AIDS may also be given HGH therapy. The small pea-sized pituitary gland hidden in the base of the brain secretes hormones until about the age of 60. The gland then begins to reduce production of HGH. A variety of side effects occur when HGH therapy is introduced into the body.
Bone Density
An increase in bone density is a side effect of HGH therapy. Bone density is a measurement of the amount of minerals present in the bones. The denser your bones are, the stronger they are. A person with high bone density will not be at risk for fractures or broken bones.
Muscle Mass
An increase in the amount of lean muscles is seen with patients undergoing HGH therapy. However, muscles are not stronger. The size of the muscles increase due to increased water retention, according to a Stanford University School of Medicine 2007 study.
Pain
Receiving HGH treatment may result in painful joints and muscles, according to The Mayo Clinic. Swelling may be present in the extremities.
Gynecomastia
Enlargement of the male breast tissue is a side effect of human growth hormone. Treatment should be suspended if breasts begin to swell and enlarge in male patients.
Diabetes
Receiving HGH therapy increases one's risk for developing diabetes. The body must react to the increased bone density and muscles mass. An increase of insulin may occur resulting in an onset of diabetes. Low blood sugar and ulcers (two complications of diabetes) may occur.
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