Bedsores, also known as pressure sores and decubitus ulcers are common among bedridden individuals. When a person lies in the same position for an extended period, the blood flow can become restricted, causing the skin to break down and a bedsore to form. These sores can occur anywhere on the body, but are common on the bony provenances, such as the hips and coccyx. Preventing these sores can be done by taking special care of the skin. Hygiene, diet and frequent repositioning are vital to keeping the skin healthy and helping sores heal.
Repositioning
Frequent repositioning is important to both prevent the occurrence of bedsores and help existing sores heal. According to Don R. Revis Jr., M.D., University of Florida College of Medicine, impaired mobility is an important contributing factor. Patients who are heavily sedated, neurologically impaired, demented or restrained, are not capable of shifting their position to relieve pressure. Hospitalized individuals and nursing home patients are typically rotated from side to side every two hours to simulate blood flow.
Diet
A healthy diet is important for hydrating the skin, which aids healing, and keeping the tissues healthy and resilient. Consuming adequate fluids is vital. In addition, high protein diets may include solid foods or liquid protein supplements, and may nourish the body and promote healing. Supplements such as vitamin C and zinc may also be helpful, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Cleansing & Ointments
According to the Mayo Clinic, keeping the skin clean is important to prevent infection and promote healing. Stage 1 sores should be cleansed with soap and water. Open sores should be cleaned with a saltwater (saline) and should be covered with a dressing. Over-the-counter diaper rash creams, petroleum jelly (Vasoline) and other ointments can be helpful for protecting the skin and providing a barrier against incontinence, but should not be applied to open wounds. Cleansing the skin and applying these creams after every episode of incontinence and after bathing will help keep the skin moist and protected.
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