Mirena is a brand name of an intrauterine device (IUD) that can remain in place for up to five years. This device is intended to prevent pregnancy for women who are in a steady relationship and who have already had a child; however, as is the case with any medical device, it has side effects that a woman should be aware of prior to having the device inserted.
Common Side Effects
Women with the Mirena IUD may experience cramping, decreased sex drive, nausea, stomach pain, vomiting and irregular menstrual cycles, including amenorrhea (lack of menstruation). Some women experience skin problems or changes, such as acne. Back pain and breast tenderness may be noticed, especially around the time of menstruation. Nervousness, mood changes and depression may occur. Weight gain, hair loss and headaches are also possible side effects of Mirena. Ovarian cysts are possible with Mirena; however, these usually disappear without any medical treatment.
Serious Side Effects
Uterine perforation is a serious side effect of Mirena, according to Cedar River Clinics. When this occurs, the IUD pierces the wall of the uterus. In most cases, surgery is required to remove the device. Mirena may also become imbedded in the uterus, which makes it difficult to remove. An imbedded Mirena is usually surgically removed. Pelvic infections aren't actually caused by Mirena; however, having a Mirena IUD increases the risk of pelvic infections, especially if you have multiple partners or if your partner has multiple partners.
Severe Side Effects
For some women, the Mirena IUD can cause severe side effects that may be life threatening. The most common of these severe side effects is an allergic reaction to the device. Signs of this include oral swelling, dizziness, chills, shortness of breath that is unexplained, a skin rash, fever and vaginal pain or discomfort. Breast lumps, vision changes, genital sores, severe abdominal pain, jaundice, increased blood pressure, limb numbness and foul smelling discharge are severe side effects of Mirena, states Drugs.com. A woman with any of these severe side effects should contact her doctor or go to the emergency room.
