Head lice are common and easily transmitted between children. Children trade hats and literally put their heads together. That's all it takes to allow the lice to move from one child to another. To make matters worse, the lice are becoming resistant to some pediculicides, the lice killers, which are used in many treatments. It is easier and less expensive to begin with over-the-counter remedies. The comb included with most products is a very important part of any head lice treatment. They can also be purchased separately, or a cat flea comb can be substituted. Metal combs are best.
Over-the-Counter Treatments
Pyrethrins and piperonyl are OTC treatments that are combined into a cream, cream rinse or shampoo. They usually work well if you follow all the directions carefully including those for cleaning or quarantining hats, bedding and other articles that might have become infested. If the treatment fails, it may be that your child has become re-infested, or that the lice in your geographical area might have developed resistance to these pesticides. There are milder treatments also, such as products with 5 percent benzyl alcohol. The hair and scalp should be carefully inspected daily for lice, eggs, which are called nits, or infection for several weeks after treatment. If there are any signs of infection on the scalp, consult your child's physician as these infections may be staph or MRSA and require treatment.
Prescription Treatments
Your child's doctor may prescribe a prescription medication after an examination to be sure that lice or nits are present. Malathion, sold as Ovide, Lindane and benzyl alcohol lotion, sold as Ulesfia lotion, are prescription remedies, which are more effective than OTC remedies, but also more toxic. If you choose to try a prescription product, be sure to go over the directions with the physician or nurse and again with the pharmacist. Read the instructions carefully and be alert for the side effects that are listed.
Shampoo and Comb
This treatment can be used alone or after treatment with a lice-killing product. It will take more time and patience, but is very effective. When used alone, it involves no pesticides. Wash the child's hair with a mild shampoo every three days. Rinse the hair, and while it is still damp, comb with a very fine-toothed metal lice comb. Comb from the scalp to the ends of the hair, being sure to comb all areas. Pay special attention to the hair area behind the ears and at the nape of the neck. Examine carefully with a magnifying glass and continue combing if any lice or nits are seen. This must be repeated every three days for two weeks to be effective.
Professional Head Lice Services
In some areas, there are professional services that will come to your home and examine everyone and treat those that are found to have the parasites. They will also advise you regarding the child's bedding, toys and clothing as well as explaining ways to prevent re-infestation. There are also special salons that provide head lice treatment. Many of these professional services use the no- pesticide approach, and as such, they can provide safe treatment for infants and pregnant women.
