Crohn's disease, named after Dr. Burrill B. Crohn, is a chronic disorder that causes inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus, affecting mostly the small intestine and colon. Because Crohn's is a chronic disease, patients go through periods of symptomatic flare-ups and periods of remission. Symptoms may range from mild to severe, vary from person to person, and may change over time.
Diarrhea and Abdominal Discomfort
Those with Crohn's disease suffer from persistent diarrhea. Bowl movements may be frequent, and the consistency may be loose and watery. Along with diarrhea, cramping and pain within the abdominal region typically accompany Crohn's disease.
Fever
Inflammation of the digestive tract causes the body to react to the disorder as an infection. In response to fighting off the infection, the body heat increases above normal temperatures.
Fatigue
According to MayoClinic.com, fatigue is a fairly common Crohn's disease symptom. As the body fights the disease during a flare-up, those with Crohn's disease may experience fatigue and lethargy. Medication used to treat the disease may also cause fatigue. Blood loss or nutritional deficiencies associated with Crohn's disease may lead to anemia, which can lead to fatigue. Treatment of fatigue depends on the underlying cause.
Rectal Complications
Rectal bleeding is common in those with Crohn's disease. Fissures, or small cuts or tears, in the anal canal may occur. Inflammation may also cause a fistula to develop. A fistula is a tunnel that leads from one loop of intestine to another, or that connects the intestine to the bladder, vagina, or skin. Abscesses, or a localized infection or collection of pus, within the rectal area may also develop.
Loss of Appetite
Due to the abdominal pain and cramps, loss of appetite and subsequent weight loss may occur. If lack of appetite and weight loss continue, malnutrition may develop, compounding the problem.
Non-Digestive Symptoms
In addition to the effects on the gastrointestinal tract, Crohn's disease can also affect other areas of the body such as the joints, eyes, and skin. Many Crohn's patients complain of pain in most of their joints like elbows, knees, wrists and ankles. Though Crohn's disease mainly affects parts of the digestive tract, it can manifest itself into different types of arthritis, as well.
