A cerebral angiogram, which is sometimes called an arteriogram, is a diagnostic procedure that can show doctors how blood flows through the brain, according to MedlinePlus. The test is used to identify problems with blood vessels in the brain that may lead to an aneurysm, stroke or other conditions or to guide doctors as they work on the brain. During the test, doctors will insert a thin tube called a catheter into a blood vessel in the leg and thread it up into the brain. Once in position, a special dye is injected through the catheter and X-rays are taken.
Common Side Effects
Patients may experience some pain, flushing or nausea when the catheter is inserted, according to Atlanta Brain and Spine Care. There can also be a feeling of pressure as the catheter is threaded through the blood vessels of the body to get to the brain. Some people experience a burning sensation in the face or head when the dye is injected. There may also be pain and bruising in the area where the catheter was inserted.
Serious Risks
Some people may have an allergic reaction to the dye that is injected during the procedure, according to MedlinePlus. Sometimes the dye can also cause kidney damage; the risk of this is higher in people with diabetes. There is also a risk that inserting the catheter will cause bleeding, a blood clot or infection. If a blood clot breaks off and travels to the leg, it can cause pain or even block blood flow to the leg. Though rare, there is a small chance the catheter will damage an artery in or near the brain. This can block blood flow to the brain and cause a stroke.
When to Call the Doctor
There are certain symptoms that can indicate a stroke or other serious complication is occurring, according to MedlinePlus. Immediate medical care is needed if a cerebral angiogram is followed by any weakness, loss of feeling or tingling in the face, arms or legs; bleeding, redness, warmth or numbness in the area where the catheter was inserted; difficulty urinating; slurred speech; vision problems; or confusion. Also, patients should look out for signs of an allergic reaction, such as hives, itching, lightheadedness, racing heart, chest pain or shortness of breath, according to Atlanta Brain and Spine Care.
