The flu season can be unpredictable every year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We do know that there are ways to prevent the flu, and the specific ways to treat persons with the flu when they get it. There are different strains of the flu each year, and it is important for the young and old to be prepared for the flu season.
Flu Prevention Through Immunization
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the best way to prevent the flu is to get the annual flu vaccine. Persons who are at highest risk for developing complications to the flu are children under 5, adults over age 65, persons with certain medical conditions, pregnant women, American Indians and Alaskan Natives. Persons who live in nursing homes and health care workers should should also consider getting the flu vaccine, since they are at risk for spreading the flu to persons they come in contact with.
Healthy Habits
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in addition to the flu vaccine, good hygiene and common sense can help with flu prevention. This includes washing hands properly staying away from persons who are sick. Persons who have the flu should stay home when they are sick and cover their mouths and noses when coughing or sneezing.
Treatment for the Flu
If someone is sick with the flu, she should stay home and recover. The only time she should leave the home is to seek medical care. Depending on the person's medical condition and medical history, a doctor may decide to order antiviral medication. Sometimes, a doctor may recommend over-the-counter medications for treatment of flu symptoms. Before an affected individual takes any medication, she should clear it with her doctor.
Complications
Persons with medical conditions, such as lung problems, heart problems, liver or metabolic issues, blood or endocrine disorders or problems with the immune system, should seek medical attention if they think they have the flu. The elderly and children should also be seen by their medical providers since they are at high risk for complications. Complications of the flu include bronchitis, pneumonia and dehydration. If the person has a high fever, shortness of breath, chest pain, severe vomiting or diarrhea, severe fatigue or a high fever, he should seek emergency attention.
At-Home Solutions
If you are sick with the flu at home, in addition to medications recommended by your doctor, other remedies may help with symptoms. If you have a sore throat, salt water gargles may help to soothe it. If you are congested, a humidifier may help. A warm compress for the head can help relieve sinus pressure. Clear liquids and plain foods should be consumed if you can tolerate them.
References
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: What to Do if You Get Sick: 2009 H1N1 and Seasonal Flu
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Caring for Someone Sick at Home Treat Other Flu Symptoms
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Seasonal Influenza: The Disease
- Flu.gov: For Individuals and Families
