Females may need to have a surgical procedure on the vagina, called vaginoplasty, for several different reasons. Vaginoplasty can correct birth defects to the vagina and urinary system. A cosmetic vaginoplasty to tighten vaginal muscles--marketed under names such as vaginal rejuvenation--does not have documentation backing up the safety and effectiveness of the procedure, according to The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. As with all surgical procedures, risks and complications may occur.
Infection and Delayed Healing
An infection in the vagina may occur along the surgical incisions. Symptoms of an infection include drainage containing pus from the incision, increased pain in the affected area, swelling and redness. The individual may also experience a fever and chills. Healing may slow after having a postsurgical infection. The wound may open because of the infection and take longer to heal after the infection resolves.
Bleeding
The surgical incision may begin to bleed following a vaginoplasty. For external bleeding, pressure should be applied to the wound with a clean cloth until the bleeding stops. For heavy or continued bleeding, immediate medical attention should be sought.
Decreased Sensation and Incontinence
A decrease in normal sensation in the vagina may be experienced after undergoing a vaginoplasty, according to MayoClinic.com. Damage to nerves during the surgery is the cause for the decreased feeling. The damage may be permanent. The lowered sensation may cause problems with sexual intercourse and can cause problems with urination. For example, urinary incontinence may develop due to nerve damage.
Pain and Scarring
Immediately following a vaginoplasty, the individual may experience pain, soreness or swelling due to the procedure. After healing, a woman may experience pain during sexual intercourse, according to The College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Scarring in the vagina may occur, also leading to vaginal pain. During healing, adhesions---fibrous bands that form between organs and tissue---may occur and cause pain.
