According to Mayoclinic.com, rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disorder that causes inflammation of the joints in the hands and feet. Unfortunately there is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis, however there are treatments available. About 1.3 million people, or about 0.6 percent of the U.S. adult population, have rheumatoid arthritis, according to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Skin Disorders.
Whom it Affects
More women get rheumatoid arthritis, while most persons who are diagnosed are between 40 and 60 years of age, according to Mayoclinic.com. Having a family history of rheumatoid arthritis and smoking are risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis
Cause
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease, which means that the body is mistakenly attacking its own tissue. The lining of the membranes of the joints, called the synovium, become inflamed, which results in destruction of cartilage and joints. Eventually, tendons and ligaments are affected. This in turn develops into deformity of the joints.
Physical Effects
Rheumatoid arthritis can cause bone deformity as well as bone erosion. Since it affects the joints, persons with this condition may have swelling in the joint areas. In addition, some persons also get fatigue, fever, weight loss or have stiffness in the morning. Some persons have joints affected in addition to the hands and feet, while anemia and dry mouth and eyes also are common.
Treatments
Medications are available to treat rheumatoid arthritis. They include non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs, steroids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and immunosuppressants. In addition, persons with rheumatoid arthritis may benefit from occupational therapy in order to maintain their ability to complete activities of daily living. An occupational therapist may also suggest assistive devices for people with arthritis, such as "grabbers" or canes. In severe cases, surgery may be needed. Exercising regularly, eating healthy and keeping stress levels down can help patients to cope more effectively with this chronic health condition.
Other Effects
Since rheumatoid arthritis can cause deformity, pain and can be progressive and disabling, it can lead to emotional problems. These might include depression or low self esteem according to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Skin Disorders. It is important for persons with this condition to work closely with their doctors to monitor for emotional problems, monitor the effectiveness of their pain and treatment regimen, and make sure treatment and therapy promote independence.
