Adderall and Ritalin are two popular stimulant-type drugs used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and other psychological conditions. While both of these drugs cause nervous system stimulation, they are fundamentally different types of drugs and cause different types of side effects. A health care professional should outline the potential side effects of these drugs before prescribing them to a patient.
Nausea and Appetite Loss
Nausea and vomiting are common side effects of both Ritalin and Adderall. While nausea and vomiting can occur in users of both Ritalin and Adderall, Drugs.com explains that about 33 percent of Adderall users will also experience loss of appetite. It is important for individuals using Adderall to monitor their weight as anorexia can develop as a side effect of Adderall treatment.
Insomnia
While insomnia can occur as a side effect of either Adderall or Ritalin use, Adderall is more likely to produce insomnia and effects up to 27 percent of Adderall users according to Drugs.com. The stimulant properties of Adderall may lead to restlessness, agitation, convulsions and overstimulation issues that can produce insomnia. Insomnia is less pronounced in people using Ritalin and can typically be controlled by lowering dosages of Ritalin used in the afternoon or evening.
Heart Rate and Heart Rhythm Changes
Adderall use is associated with a risk of developing certain heart problems such as racing heart rate, heart palpitations and increased blood pressure. In rare cases, Adderall use can promote the onset of myocardial infarction or heart attack. Individuals with a history of heart disease or heart problems should discuss such issues with a physician before beginning Adderall treatment. Similar heart complications are also possible with Ritalin use but are less likely to occur.
Headaches
Migraine headaches are sometimes reported as a side effect of Ritalin use. The headache effects of Ritalin appear to be related to its stimulant properties that can also lead to convulsions and dizziness. Headaches and dizziness can also occur as a side effect of Adderall use but are typically less severe than those reported by Ritalin users.
Dry Mouth
Dry mouth is a common side effect of amphetamine-type drugs such as Adderall. According to MayoClinic.com, dry mouth is a common, non-serious complication of Adderall use. While dry mouth is not dangerous, it can lead to a number of long-term oral health problems such as tooth decay and oral sores. Individuals using Ritalin do not typically develop dry mouth.
Skin Reactions
Individuals using Ritalin may develop skin rashes, skin sores and skin redness while taking Ritalin. Drugs.com explains that these skin effects are particularly pronounced in people that use a Ritalin transdermal patch. Adverse skin reactions are rare in individuals taking Adderall.
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