Prednisone is a medication prescribed to reduce inflammation in the body. The drug acts similarly to the natural hormone known as cortisol, which is released during the body's response to stress. Prednisone is a synthetic form of cortisol that is used to treat several major inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, such as asthma, hypersensitivity reactions, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. Prednisone is a major drug therapy that requires close supervision because of the nature of its effects.
Compromised Immune System
A person's immune system becomes compromised and weakened during prednisone therapy. Consequently, according to Drugs.com, an increased risk develops for acquiring infections. Also, skin injuries, cuts or wounds take longer to heal. Side effects from short-term therapy are likely to subside when treatment is discontinued; however, the longer the prednisone treatment, the greater the probability of persistent as well as additional side effects. It is important to be alert to early signs of possible infections or flu symptoms and contact the prescribing physician if necessary.
Weight and Skin Changes
According to the website DermNet NZ, one of the common anticipated side effects from short-term prednisone treatment is an increase in appetite as well as an increase in weight. Depending on the length of treatment, a consequence of this drug is that it redistributes fat deposits in the body. RxList notes that salt and fluid retention may occur, which further increases weight and potentially blood pressure. Medical supervision during prednisone treatment typically includes weight and blood pressure checks, especially for patients prescribed high dosages. Another common side effect of prednisone is skin changes in the form of acne and thinning of the skin. While both weight and skin changes may be distressing, they tend to subside at the end of short-term treatment.
Mood and Behavioral Changes
Drugs.com states that prednisone can produce dramatic alterations in a patient's emotional or psychological health and behavior. Specifically, Drugs.com and DermNet NZ provide examples of potential short-term effects: a sense of euphoria or mania with manic behavior and sleep disturbance; changes in emotional state such as major depression or increased aggression; personality changes; and psychotic behavior. Drugs.com specifically states that preexisting emotional instability may be enhanced by this drug therapy. Therefore, it is imperative that patients be proactive if any such changes are experienced; a physician should be contacted as soon as possible.
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