Causes of Penile Dysfunction

An essential structural component of the male reproductive system, the penis serves as a functional element in delivering the male reproductive cells called sperm into the female during sexual intercourse. Any abnormalities to the body of the penis or the spongy erectile tissue within can lead to penile dysfunction in terms of a man's sexual ability and fertility. It is essential, therefore, to know the different reasons underlying penile disorders for appropriate intervention, medical or otherwise.

Erectile Dysfunction

According to the American Medical Association, any damage, injury, or disturbance with the nervous, circulatory, muscular or fibrous tissue, as well as testosterone levels, can lead to erectile dysfunction, which is defined as a failure to achieve penile erection. In fact, health ailments including diabetes, heart disease, neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's diseases, multiple sclerosis, injuries to the central nervous system can lead to penile dysfunction by affecting the erectile tissue. Drugs such as antidepressants, sedatives, and tranquillizers, for example, as well as substance abuse can lead to erectile dysfunction, besides psychological factors. It is essential to see a doctor for prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Priapism

A painful and persistent erection lasting several hours can be the result of too much blood that just doesn't drain out. It has been linked to substance abuse involving alcohol or drug addiction, but also can be an adverse effect of certain medications. In addition, problems with spinal cord, genital injury, certain blood cancers, and sickle cell anemia can cause priapism, leading to penile dysfunction unless you go in for prompt treatment to avoid penile scarring.

Peyronie's Disease

In this condition, there is a painful bending of the penis during an erection, due to a hard lump or plaque in the spongy erectile tissue. According to the Cleveland Clinic, causes range from inflamed blood vessels to connective tissue disorders; even your genes can hold the clue. Unless you are one of those lucky ones in whom the plaque just shrinks with the passage of time, a surgical option might be inevitable.

Balanitis

A swollen and itchy penile head accompanied by discharge might be symptomatic of balanitis. Scarring and swelling of the foreskin can lead to penile injury and dysfunction. The causes can range from yeast infection to sexually transmitted disease, but even overenthusiastic rubbing with soaps and detergent can irritate the penis in no small measure.

Penile Cancer

Any sores or outgrowths on the penis, whether or not accompanied by discharge or bleeding, require immediate medical attention. The physician should be able to determine whether or not they are cancerous. Causes range from lack of circumcision, human papilloma virus (16/18) infection, smoking, accumulation of oily secretions, constricted foreskin and advanced age. Your physician has quite a few treatment options including radiation, chemotherapy and surgery