An allergen overload, or anaphylaxis, is a severe allergic reaction that affects the entire body and could be life-threatening, according to the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. The allergic reaction is triggered by an allergen, typically a certain food or insect bite, and can produce symptoms within a few seconds and can progress very quickly. An allergen overload could be deadly. If someone has symptoms of an anaphylaxis, she should call 911 and seek immediate medical attention.
Symptoms
MayoClinic.com states that the common symptoms of an allergen overload are dizziness, skin reactions, difficulty breathing, wheezing, a weak pulse, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or shortness of breath. The person may develop anxiety and the feeling that he is going to die. The individual can faint, have seizures or develop palpitations. Symptoms commonly develop within a few minutes after being exposed to the allergen but can start as long as a half hour after exposure.
Causes
The most common causes of an allergen overload are food allergies, drug allergies and insect bites, according to MedlinePlus. Common highly allergic foods are nuts, diary and shellfish. Anyone can be allergic to any drug, but the most common drug that causes an allergic reaction overload is aspirin. Insect bites that cause anaphylaxis are bee stings, wasp stings and fire ant bites.
Treatment
Treatment of anaphylactic shock needs to begin as soon as possible. The most common drug used to treat anaphylaxis is epinephrine, according to the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Epinephrine is administered by injection and works very fast but doesn't last very long. It is advisable to carry an epinephrine pen on the person who is allergic. It may be given three or four times during an allergen overload along with antihistamines and prednisone.
Prevention
Identify the allergens that cause anaphylactic shock by participating in allergy tests, according to MayoClinic.com. Read food and beverage labels before ingesting any food or drink to ensure it doesn't contain any allergens. If allergic to insect bites, don't wear sandals or flip flops, stay indoors and avoid wearing bright-colored clothing or perfumes.
Considerations
People with a family history of anaphylaxis, a personal history or someone who has allergies or asthma are at higher risk of experiencing anaphylactic shock, according to MayoClinic.com. If someone is aware of her condition, she should wear a medical bracelet identifying the condition and how to treat it. An allergen overload can lead to cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, blockage in the airways or shock, according to MedlinePlus.
