Urine odor can range in scent from foul to ammonia-like to sweet, depending on the condition causing the odor. In a healthy, properly hydrated individual, urine is diluted and does not have a strong, easily detectable odor. The presence of urine odor can indicate a minor, easily treatable condition or a rare metabolic disease.
Dehydration
The human body consists of approximately two-thirds water, according to KidsHealth.org. Dehydration occurs when the amount of water in the body drops below the amount needed to carry out normal body processes and functions. A common cause of dehydration is severe vomiting and diarrhea. Other causes include inadequate fluid intake and excessive loss of fluid, such as during intense physical activity. Thirst is one of the most common symptoms of dehydration. Other symptoms include lightheadedness, dizziness, dry mouth, decrease in urine output and concentrated dark urine accompanied by a strong odor. Most cases of dehydration are minor and can be treated with increased water intake. Those experiencing severe, persistent diarrhea may require a hospital visit, during which intravenous fluids and salt will be administered.
Cystitis
Cystitis literally means inflammation of the bladder. In most cases, cystitis is a result of a bacterial infection, but it can also be caused by certain medications, exposure to radiation and chemical irritants found in hygiene products, according to MayoClinic.com. Symptoms of cystitis include cloudy, strong-smelling urine; increased need to urinate; burning during urination; blood in the urine; pelvic discomfort; pressure in the abdomen; and a low fever. Since most cases of cystitis are caused by bacteria, they can be successfully treated with a series of antibiotics. Cystitis caused by chemical irritants or medications is usually relieved by avoidance of irritating products. If radiation therapy is the cause of cystitis, MayoClinic.com notes that treatment focuses on pain management.
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Maple syrup urine disease is a rare metabolic disease that is caused by a genetic defect. Those with maple syrup urine disease lack the ability to break down the components of proteins known as branched chain amino acids. When the amino acids cannot be broken down, they accumulate in the blood and cause a variety of symptoms, including difficulty eating, fatigue, seizures, vomiting and urine that smells like maple syrup. Treatment for maple syrup urine disease begins with a protein-free diet and intravenous administration of fluids, sugars and fat to bring the amino acid levels in the body back to normal, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Once amino acid levels have been normalized, disease management consists of a lifelong diet plan characterized by the avoidance of branched chain amino acids.
Member Comments