Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weak, porous bones. Known as a "silent disease", symptoms of osteoporosis may not appear until a fracture has occurred, according to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, or NIAMS. Fractures of the hip, vertebrae and other major bone structures can impose serious emotional and financial burdens on their victims. Many turn to popular medications like Fosomax to prevent these debilities or to treat the bone loss when they occur. But what happens when Fosomax doesn't do the trick?
How Fosomax Works
Fosomax, known generically as alendronate, belongs to a class of drugs called bisphosphonates. These medications reduce the activity of osteoclasts, allowing bone mineral density to increase, states Dr. Kurt Kennel of the Mayo Clinic. Fosomax is typically used for three to five years. While Fosomax has been approved to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, men and those undergoing long-term steroid therapy, it is not guaranteed to be effective in all individuals.
Evaluate Other Conditions
Identifying the root cause of bone loss is key to finding a solution and will help your doctor match you to the appropriate medication. Low estrogen levels that occur after menopause, during cancer treatment and in strenuous athletic programs contribute to bone loss in women, says the NIAMS. Decreased testosterone in men, medications such as steroids, eating disorders and secondary diseases are other known culprits behind poor bone density. These factors may negate the effect of Fosomax therapy.
Consider the Options
Teriparatide, brand name Forteo, is the first osteoporosis drug shown to rebuild bone rather than merely slow bone destruction, reports the National Osteoporosis Foundation. This anabolic agent is appropriate for those with very low bone densities, who have suffered a fracture or who have not found success with other medications. Nasal sprays, injectables and estrogen therapy are other methods of improving bone density.
Lifestyle Factors
Bone-friendly lifestyle habits are essential to fracture prevention regardless of the medication being used, states Dr. Kurt Kennel of the Mayo Clinic. A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D along with regular exercise are critical to a strong skeleton. The National Osteoporosis Foundation recommends consuming 1,000 to 1,200 mg of calcium per day paired with 400 to 1,000 IU of vitamin D. Meanwhile, steer clear of calcium robbers such as excess protein, caffeine and alcohol. Ban smoking entirely.
Alternative Therapies
Some prefer a natural approach to treating osteoporosis through the use of plant-derived phytoestrogens. According to the NIAMS, phytoestrogens mimic the bone-building estrogen produced by the human body. These compounds are found in flaxseed, rye, fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Though animal studies on phytoestrogens have produced promising results, their definitive effects on people remain uncertain. Chemist Hans Larsen, contributor to "International Health News," lists strontium, lycopene and vitamin cocktails as other potential therapies.
Hope on the Horizon
Encouraging scientific advancements continue to emerge. Studies on genetics, bone cell biology, fracture risk and nutrition have provided researchers with a better understanding of the complexities of bone loss. With such efforts underway, the NIAMS proposes that osteoporosis will one day become a curable disease.
References
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases: Osteoporosis Handout on Health
- MayoClinic.com: Osteoporosis Treatment Puts Brakes on Bone Loss
- National Osteoporosis Foundation: Medications To Prevent & Treat Osteoporosis
- National Osteoporosis Foundation: Prevention: Calcium
- International Health News: Osteoporosis---Risk Factors, Prevention, and Treatment
