Fever blisters, also known as cold sores, are caused by the herpes simplex virus and occur on the lips or mouth. According to PubMed Health, most people in the U.S. are infected by the virus by the age of 20. The initial outbreak of fever blisters often occurs in children between the age of 1 and 5 and symptoms range from mild to severe. Symptoms include raised blisters filled with yellow liquid. The blisters eventually break and ooze the liquid before healing occurs. The area is often tender to the touch. A variety of treatments soothe symptoms and may decrease the duration of an outbreak. Left untreated, the blisters typically resolve in about one to two weeks.
Topical Medications
Topical lidocaine gels may numb the fever blister and relieve pain. The gels are available over-the-counter. Only the smallest amount of gel should be used to numb the area. According to Drugs.com, the medications may be applied with clean fingertips or a cotton swab. A person should always wash hands with soap and water after applying medication to the fever blister. The medication may be stored at room temperature in a dry, cool location. Lidocaine treatment is short term and reapplication of the medication is required. Benzocaine gel is applied in a similar fashion. According to MayoClinic.com, the medication protects the fever blister from additional trauma and irritation.
Oral Medications
Oral medications, if started before an outbreak occurs, slightly decrease the duration of the fever blister. Some people can sense an oncoming fever blister because of a tingling or itching sensation in the mouth or on the lips. Medications include acyclovir and valacyclovir and are available via prescription. Those suffering from frequent bouts of fever blisters may receive a regular, on-going prescription of oral medications. Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen and ibuprofen temporarily aid in pain relief.
Compresses and Cleansing
Hot or cold compresses applied to the fever blister relieve symptoms. Compresses may be created using gauze or a wet tissue soaked in hot water. Ice chips applied to the area slightly numb the area and help with pain relief. Avoid irritating the blister and causing it to open prematurely when applying the compress. Washing the fever blisters with warm soap water is recommended to decrease the infection spreading to other areas of the body. Patients should avoid touching fever blisters and rubbing the eyes.
