Bipolar disorder, also considered a manic-depressive illness, is characterized by massive mood swings from extreme "highs" to an overwhelming feeling of sadness and hopelessness, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.
Symptoms
The overexcited mood state in bipolar disorder is known as mania; the low, sad state is known as a depressive episode, notes NIMH. In the mania stage, the patient may have an irritable mood, feel agitated and restless, talk fast and sleep very little. In the depressed stage, he may feel worried, tired and worn down; have difficulty remembering things; and have thoughts of suicide and death.
Treatment
According to NIMH, there is no cure for bipolar disorder. Treatment with medications aims at controlling mood symptoms. Often, bipolar disorder patients are placed on anticonvulsants, which are the same medications used for people with seizures, explains NIMH.
Risk Factors
According to MayoClinic.com, risk factors are associated with bipolar disorder. Experiencing high stress, having a history of alcohol and drug abuse, and having a parent or a sibling with the disorder are all associated risk factors.
