The herpes simplex virus type 1 causes cold sores, or fever blisters, to form on and inside the lips. According to the American Social Health Association, nearly 90 percent of the American population will carry this virus by the time they are 50 years old. Signs a cold sore is beginning to form include itchiness and tenderness. A fluid-filled blister develops within one to two days; left untreated a cold sore takes about one to two weeks to heal. Many people find cold sores irritating, painful and ugly. A variety of simple, quick tips may soothe symptoms and aid in healing.
Frequent Outbreaks
People who have frequent outbreaks of oral herpes may be prescribed prescription antiviral medications. The medications often treat herpes simplex type 2, or genital herpes; however, the medications are also effective in fighting oral herpes. Common medications include acyclovir, valacyclovir and famciclovir.
Topical Treatment
The stage right before the outbreak of a cold sore is the prodome stage. Many patients feel a tingling sensation on their skin where a cold sore will soon occur. According to the American Social Health Association, applying topical antiviral treatments to the tingling area may decrease viral activity and the length of the outbreak. Acyclovir ointment and penciclovir cream are common topical creams to treat the herpes virus. The medications are not applied to the actual blisters or cold sores once they have formed. Still, MedlinePlus explains the topical medications must be applied every two hours and the medications may be slightly expensive. The medications may also only reduce the outbreak by a few hours or even a day, suggests the website.
Hygiene
MedlinePlus suggests patients clean the cold sore with an antiseptic soap and warm water. Regular cleansing and hand washing prevents the virus from infecting other parts of the body. If the virus gets into the eyes or genial area additional, serious complications may occur. Patients should avoid excessively touching cold sores and refrain from squeezing or popping the cold sores or blisters.
Pain Relief
Over-the-counter medications, including acetaminophen and ibuprofen, relieve pain and tenderness commonly associated with the oral outbreak. Ice and cold compresses can numb the area and temporarily ease pain. Patients should avoid foods such as orange juice or tomatoes high in acid, which cause additional irritation.
