Most Americans have suffered from a cold sore by the time they reach 20 years of age, according to MedlinePlus. Cold sores, often referred to as fever blisters, are caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1. Without treatment, the sores or blisters generally last about one to two weeks. Additional outbreaks occur because no cure for the viral condition exists. Treatment speeds healing time and soothes irritating symptoms.
Prodrome Period
One to two days before a cold sore appears, patients experience prodrome symptoms, indicating a cold sore will soon develop. Patients report that the area begins to itch and tingle, according to the American Social Health Association. No signs of a cold sore are visible yet.
Pain
Blisters may be painful and irritating to patients. Often highly acidic foods, such as tomatoes and orange juice, cause further pain. Applying ice chips or cold compresses relieves pain naturally. Over-the-counter medications, such as acetaminophen, also relieve cold sore pain.
Blisters
Pink or red blisters form on or around the lips. The sores or blisters may also form on other areas of the face, including the nose, chin, cheeks and eyes, according to the American Social Health Association. Several blisters may form at once, which then grow into one large blister. The blisters become fluid filled but eventually dry out and disappear in about two weeks. A yellow crust forms over the blisters that sloughs away. According to MayoClinic.com, cold sores do not leave scars on the skin.
Seeking Medical Attention
Cold sores, even if left untreated, commonly heal on their own. Patients suffering from depressed immune systems may have difficulty fighting the viral infection and experience additional symptoms. Cold sores lasting longer than two weeks are an indicator of a possible complication. If the herpes simplex virus travels to the eyes, severe vision damage is possible. Patients should seek immediate medical care. A person suffering from frequent outbreaks of cold sores may request an ongoing prescription for antiviral drugs. These drugs are commonly prescribed to those suffering from genital herpes, but they also may help to decrease outbreaks of oral herpes.
