RSV is characterized by the National Institutes of Health as a viral infection of the lungs and airways. It's caused by the respiratory syncytial virus that's passed from one person to the next through nasal secretions. Someone coming into contact with an item infected by the pathogen can easily develop this condition or transmit it to another individual, like an infant. As is the case with the common cold, there's no outright cure for RSV in infants, but treatment can help alleviate symptoms of the virus and prevent serious complications.
Medical Examination
If you suspect your child is suffering from RSV, which often causes irritability, lethargy and shortness of breath in infants, talk to your pediatrician. A mucus culture, chest X-ray or pulse oximetry is necessary for proper diagnosis. Your child's health, medical history and severity of infection often dictates treatment options.
Fluids
For infants suffering from RSV, it's important to keep the child hydrated, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Try feeding your infant an electrolyte-rich fluid recommended by your doctor to combat dehydration. Look for products that contain sodium and potassium, yet are relatively low in sugar.
Bronchodilator
To help open the airways and improve breathing, your doctor may prescribe or administer a bronchodilator into the respiratory tract, according to MayoClinic.com. When inhaled, this type of medication quickly relaxes the muscles that surround the bronchial tubes, allowing for better intake of air. Breathing discomfort should subside.
Humidified Air
The National Institutes of Health explains that another potential treatment option for an infant suffering from RSV is humidified air. Increasing the moisture along the respiratory tract can help lessen cough as well as make it easier for the child to breathe. This is usually administered at a hospital, so your child will be admitted during the course of treatment.
Antiviral Agent
In severe cases, it may be necessary to use a nebulized antiviral agent to help clear up the infection, asserts Children's Hospital Boston. A medicated aerosol is administered so the child can inhale the agent and kill the pathogens responsible for the infection. Antiviral agents, like ribavirin, can cause side effects, such as loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, restlessness, insomnia, rash and pain.
