Hypokalemia is a condition caused by a potassium deficiency in the blood. Potassium is a mineral that is essential to our cell and organ function. According to The National Institute of Health, this metabolic disorder is caused by excessive perspiration, vomiting, diarrhea, using diuretics and more serious diseases such as eating disorders, Cushing syndrome, hyperaldosteronism, and Liddle syndrome. Proper levels of potassium should be between 3.5 and 5.0 milliequivalents per liter, or mEq/L, of blood. When potassium levels drop below 3.5 mEq/L, people may experience certain symptoms that should be taken seriously.
Muscle Spasms and Pain
Hypokalemia.net suggests that low potassium levels in the body can cause muscle spasms, cramps and myalgia, or muscle pain. Most of these muscle symptoms are accompanied by a "pins and needles" sensation and are dismissed as everyday overuse. If one has persistent low levels of potassium, the muscles could start to breakdown causing paralysis, which could be permanent.
Heart Conditions
Since potassium is important to muscle functions, low levels of this mineral can also effect the heart. The National Health Institute reports that low levels of potassium can cause arrhythmias and high blood pressure. If potassium levels become dangerously low, Penn State's College of Medicine states infants and young children could die of cardiac arrest.
Frequent Urination
One of the most overlooked symptoms of hypokalemia is frequent urination. This can lead to excessive thirst, dehydration and kidney damage. Frequent urination from low potassium levels can also have underlying symptoms such as fatigue or confusion from lack of electrolyte balance.
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