Cold and canker sores cause irritation and pain in the mouth. Both conditions are common and treatment is not required to make the sores go away. Cold sores, also known as fever blisters, are caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1. The cause of canker sores remains unknown; however, factors such as heredity, stress and diet may contribute to outbreaks. Simple at home treatments commonly decrease pain and symptoms.
Cold Sores
Patients familiar with cold sore outbreaks may take oral antiviral medications as soon as the onset of an outbreak is apparent--often before the cold sore appears. Examples of antiviral medications include acyclovir and valacyclovir. Topical gels and ointments applied to the cold sore also reduce irritation. Medications such as lidocaine and benzocaine are applied with small cotton swabs directly to the cold sore. MayoClinic.com notes that cold sores left untreated generally clear up within two weeks. Over-the-counter pain relievers including ibuprofen and acetaminophen may also decrease pain.
Canker Sores
Spicy and hot foods should be avoided when canker sores are present, suggests MedlinePlus, a publication of the National Institutes of Health. Several over-the-counter and at home remedies will soothe a canker sore. Rinsing the mouth with commercial mouthwash or a saltwater gargle is recommended by MedlinePlus. A mixture of 50 percent hydrogen peroxide and 50 percent water applied directly to the sore will increase healing. After the solution is applied, a small application of milk of magnesia will increase a patient's comfort level. The treatment may be repeated three to four times a day, or as needed, suggests MedlinePlus. Dental hygiene remains important when a canker sore is present to avoid bacterial infections. Pain and tenderness begin to heal in several days while other symptoms disappear within one to two weeks. Medical attention may be necessary of the canker sore remains present after two weeks.
Prevention
Most people carry the virus that causes cold sores; however, it is important to prevent the virus from spreading to other areas of the body such as the eyes or genitals. Frequent hand washing using antiseptic soap and warm water remains critical during an outbreak. Items should not be shared and kissing and other close touching should be avoided when a cold sore is present. According to MayoClinic.com, canker sores may be prevented by avoiding trigger points. Patients should avoid irritating foods and foods they are allergic too. Healthy diets should be maintained so the oral environment contains the correct amount of healthy bacteria that fights off canker sores.
