Nexium is classified as a proton pump inhibitor, according to Drugs.com. Nexium and other proton pump inhibitors are used to decrease the production of acid in the stomach. It is used to treat acid-related disorders such as erosive esophagitis due to acid reflux, frequent heartburn, esophageal ulceration, stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Long-term use of Nexium may lead to side effects.
Bone Fractures
According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, chronic use of Nexium may cause bone fractures of the hip, spine and wrist. Bone fractures are common in patients older than 50 years of age with osteoporosis. Such patients should avoid chronic use of proton pump inhibitors. The FDA recommends that doctors prescribe lower dosages of Nexium for the shortest duration in order to prevent bone fractures.
Liver and Kidney problems
Drugs.com states that long-term use of Nexium may cause liver and kidney failure. Nexium is metabolized by the liver. The liver converts Nexium into products that can easily be removed from the body by the kidneys. In order for Nexium to be excreted from the body, proper functioning of the liver and kidneys is important. Long-term exposure of the liver and kidneys to high levels of Nexium leads to inflammation and failure of both organs. Patients should avoid taking high doses of Nexium for an extended period of time unless under the direction of a doctor.
Agranulocytosis
Drugs.com states that long-term use of Nexium may inhibit the production of white blood cells by the bone marrow, a condition known as agranulocytosis. Patients with agranulocytosis have low white blood cells which places patients at high risk for infections. Frequents infections and fatigue are the first symptoms of agranulocytosis.
