Advanced, or end stage lung cancer is a medical prognosis, not an actual tumor staging. When one is diagnosed with end stage lung cancer, this means that traditional curative options have been exhausted and the cancer will progress and eventually lead to death. One of the three most common cancers, lung cancer has specific symptoms, which signal that a lifespan is limited.
Decreasing Appetite
According to the National Cancer Institute, an early symptom of end stage lung cancer is loss of the desire for food or the eating act itself. Changes in taste from the disease, oxygen use, and prior chemotherapy treatments play a role in the decreasing appetite. During the end stages, the body does not require as much nutrition to sustain life; indeed, eating loses attraction due to a focus on breathing.
Loss of Interest
A general loss of interest in life is a symptom of end stage lung cancer. Withdrawing from family and friends is normal at this stage, and should be met with understanding.
Respiratory Changes
An increasing oxygen flow rate, changes in respiratory, or breathing, rate and increased, or bloody, sputum will signify the end stage. Oxygen hunger and shortness of breath will wax and wane as the end stage of lung cancer progresses. Coughs and sputum, or phlegm, production may increase and require medication management for comfort.
Cognitive Changes
Decreasing energy levels will lead to early exhaustion. Confusion may become apparent in simple ways, such as the patient being unable to name a common object, or unable to recognize a loved one. This is not an intentional process and requires steadfast patience on the part of the caregiver.
